ICAR (NAAS Rating 5.36 ) Approval No : ID-154 | ISSN No: 2229 -628X (Print) | eISSN - 2582-2683 (Online) | RNI No: UPENG/2006/22736 | UGC Approved Journal | Society Registration No: 131380 | Society ISO 9001 :2015 certified | Certification No. QMS/092020/17596 | PAN regn no. AABAD0614R | PFMS Regn: DKEBVS
Journal For The Year 2024 First Issue
Review
The future of nanotechnology methods using fruit peel waste in waste water management : A review

Due to its adsorption properties, fruit peel waste (FPW) is readily available from agriculture and the food processing industry. This article reviewed the function of FPW in the management of waste water. Additionally, this article provided information on the use of absorbent materials and modelling in waste water treatment using nanotechnology. The investigation showed that there was little literature on the properties and behavior of commercial plants’ adsorbents. The results for FPW as adsorbents were also not readily available. However, due to its affordability, FPW was regarded as an efficient method of waste water treatment. The available research verified that FPW was a highly effective adsorbent for removing heavy metals and dyes. More research is needed to understand how FPW adsorbents behave, while removing organic and gaseous contaminants.

Keywords: Fruit peel waste (FPW), Waste water, pollutants, absorbent, adsorption.

Jyolsna P. and Gowthami V*

Department of Physics, School of Basic Science, Vels Institute of Science,

Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, 600117, TN, India.

E-mail: gowthamivijayakumar@gmail.com

Organic Farming
Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica) cv. KTS-1

A field experiment was carried out at Organic Research Farm, Karguan ji, Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi during rabi season of 2020-21 to study the organic manures and biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of broccoli cv. KTS-1. Application of 33 per cent each of poultry manure + PSB + Azotobacter (T8) resulted in highest growth and yield attributing parameters, curd yield and quality parameters of broccoli. The plant height 40.95 cm, number of leaves 32.53 plant-1, leaf length 41.17 cm, leaf breadth 33.18 cm, stem diameter 5.03 cm, curd diameter 12.08 cm, curd weight 310 g and curd yield 110 q ha-1 were recorded in T8. T.S.S. 8.91 0Brix, vitamin-C 90.52 mg 100 g-1, acidity 0.28 per cent, reducing sugars, 3.99 per cent, non-reducing sugars 0.72 per cent and total sugars 3.88 per cent were also found to be more in treatment T8. The second best treatment was T6 having 33 per cent each of mustard cake + PSB + Azotobacter, which produced 98.21 q ha-1 curd. The curd yield of the control treatment was only 62 q ha-1.

Keywords: Organic manures, biofertilizers, broccoli, quality.

Surendra Kushwaha1, Harpal Singh1, Rashmi Nigam2*, Saloni Srivastava1 and Ajay Kushwaha1

1Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284128, Uttar Pradesh, India.

2Department of Plant Pathology, Janta Vedic College, Baraut, Baghpat-250611, Uttar Pradesh, India.

E-mail: rashminigampatho16@gmail.com

Effect of organic sources of nutrient and biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of leafy coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under various shade net conditions

A field experiment to understand the effect of organic sources of nutrient and bio-fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of leafy coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under various shade net conditions was carried out during summer season of 2019 at   College of Horticulture, SDAU, Jagudan,    Dist. Mehsana   (Gujarat). Experiment laid out   in a split plot design consisted three shade net conditions as main plot treatment viz., 50 per cent white shade net, 50 per cent black shade net and 50 per cent green shade net, and sub plot having seven combinations of various sources of organics and bio-fertilizers, i.e., m1 (RDF through chemical fertilizer), m2 (75% nitrogen through FYM), m3 (75% nitrogen through vermicompost), m4 (75% nitrogen through neem cake), m5 (T2 + Azotobacter + PSB + KSM), m6 (T3 + Azotobacter + PSB + KSM) and m7 (T4 + Azotobacter + PSB + KSM), which made 21 treatment combinations and replicated thrice having a plot size of 2.5 × 1.8 m with a spacing of 20 cm between two rows. Observations were recorded on important growth, yield and quality characteristics of coriander. Results revealed that the maximum plant height (19.68, 17.34 and 14.90 cm), number of branches (7.26, 7.55 and 7.18), green biomass yield per plot (2.26,3.04 and 1.03 kg) at and each subsequent cuttings, respectively, as well as green biomass yield per m2 area (1.96 kg) and per plot (6.34 kg) (m6). As far as quality traits were concerned maximum chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents (0.86, 1.19, 1.98 and 4.30 mg 100 g-1) were observed with the application of 75 per cent nitrogen through vermicompost + Azotobacter + PSB + KSM) (T6).

Keywords: RDF, coriander, bio-fertilzer, organic sources, biomass, quality.

K.P. Zala1,*, G.S. Patel1, S.K. Acharya1, M. Kumar1, M.I. Bhati2 and M.J. Patel1

1Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar-385506, Gujarat, India.

2Rai School of Agriculture, Rai University, Ahmedabad-382260, Gujarat, India.

E-mail: zalakajal365@gmail.com

Efficacy of liquid organic manures against bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris under in-vitro conditions

Black rot caused by a bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is most destructive disease attacking all cruciferous vegetables. Amongst them, cabbage is a highly susceptible host for black rot infection. The disease causes losses by premature defoliation and significantly reduces head quality. In ancient Indian times, crop cultivation had been adapted use of fermented liquid organic manures and amendments like Panchagavya, Beejamrutha, Jeevamrutha, cow urine, fermented buttermilk and Kunapajala which are also well documented in various Hindu scriptures and Vrikshayurveda. Here, such six various organic inputs were tested at four different concentrations, i.e., 3, 5, 7 and 10 per cent using agar diffusion method against Xcc. All organic inputs could inhibit the growth of Xcc at 7 and 10 per cent concentrations as compared to control. Highest growth inhibition (8.79%) was recorded in herbal Kunapajala (10%) followed by cow urine (10%). Hence, the outcome of this study holds substantial implications of organic inputs for sustainable agricultural practices.

Keywords: Black rot, cabbage, inhibition, organic inputs, X. campestris pv. campestris.

D.D. Prajapati* and N.M. Gohel

Department of Plant Pathology, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388 110, Gujarat, India.

E-mail: dharapra546@gmail.com

Banana pseudostem enriched sap a: substitute for KNO3 foliar spray in rainfed cotton

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate five foliar spray treatments viz., water only, 3 per cent KNO3 and 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 per cent concentration of banana pseudostem enriched sap on two Bt cotton hybrids GH-6 and GH-8 The results revealed that hybrid GH-6 attained maximum vegetative growth, however, hybrid GH-8 performed better with respect to seed cotton yield and monetary returns per ha by recording more number of picked bolls per plant. Foliar application of 1.5 per cent banana pseudostem enriched sap established its superiority by promoting the vegetative growth and recording 25.8 per cent higher seed cotton yield (2872.8 kg ha-1) than water spray with retaining more number of picked bolls per plant, which was followed by 3 per cent KNO3 foliar spray (2737.6 kg ha-1). Similarly, 1.5 per cent banana pseudostem enriched sap spray generated 36.8 and 8.2 per cent additional net monetary returns than water and 3 per cent KNO3 foliar sprays, respectively, with highest B:C ratio (3.54).

Keywords: Banana pseudostem enriched sap, potassium nitrate, Bt cotton hybrids, economics.

M.R. Thakur1* and J.M. Patel2

1Cotton Research Substation, Navsari Agricultural University, Achhalia-393120, Gujarat, India.

2Soil and Water Management Research Unit, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari-396450, Gujarat, India.

E-mail: mangeshthakur@nau.in

Characterization and impact of organic vis-à-vis conventional farming systems in Jammu District

The present study was aimed to characterize the status of organic and conventional farming practices and their impacts on livelihoods in the district of Jammu. A total of 120 farmers were selected using multistage random sampling with 60 practicing organic farming and 60 practicing conventional farming. The impact of organic farming on income generation and employment creation among farmers was evaluated using the matching technique. The results showed that the major farming systems identified in the region were C-H-D and C-D systems. The impact assessment using PSM revealed that organic cultivation had more employment generation opportunities and higher net income compared to conventional farming. Additionally, a constraint-facing index (CFI) indicated that low market prices for output were major constraints for both practices followed by the non-availability of quality input for organic growers and high price of fertilizers for conventional farmers. The study suggested that policymakers should address these constraints in order to promote the adoption of organic agriculture on a large scale and improve farmers’ livelihoods.

Keywords: Organic farming, farming system, matching technique, constraints.

Sunil Kumar1*, Amrit Lal Meena1, Chethan Kumar G2, L.K. Meena3, Lalit Kumar1, Peyush Punia1, L.R. Meena1, Nirmal1, Anil Kumar4, Ashok Gupta4, Vijay Khajuria4, Raghavendra KJ1, Jairam Choudhary1 and P.C. Ghasal1

1ICAR-Indian Institute of Framing Systems Research, Modipuram-250110, U.P., India. 2ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticulture Research, Bengaluru-560089, Karnataka, India. 3ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed and Mustard Research, Bharatpur-321303, Rajasthan, India.

4 Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu-180009, J&K, India.

E-mail: Sunil.kumar21@icar.gov.in or snandal15@yahoo.com

Effect of iron on morpho-physiological characteristic of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Iron Deficiency Chlorosis (IDC) is the most prevalent condition in calcareous soil because groundnut is sensitive to iron deficiency. The main aim was to study the morpho-physiological parameters that are associated with IDC under different sources and levels of iron (Fe) in calcareous soil for improving the yield of groundnut. A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of iron on morpho-physiological characteristic of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in calcareous soil during 2021 at Mangulam village of Mangalur block, Cuddalore district with the test crop of groundnut variety VRI 8. The 11 treatments consisted of different sources of iron viz., FeSO4, Fe-EFYM (1:10) and Fe-EDDHA and levels of iron (37.5 kg and 50 kg ha-1) and foliar application of Fe as FeSO4, Fe- EDDHA and TNAU Fe-citrate, along with recommended dose of NPK (25:50:75 NPK kg ha-1). The control did not receive iron. The results revealed that application of RDF + Fe EFYM (1:10) @ 50 kg ha-1 + Bacillus subtilis @ 2 kg ha-1 increased chlorophyll content, active Fe concentration, peroxidase and catalase activities in the leaf of groundnut.

Keywords: Groundnut, iron, chlorophyll, active Fe, peroxidase, catalase.

Porkodi1*, P. Ramamoorthi2 and M. David Israel Mansingh3

1Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sugarcane Research Station, Cuddalore-607 001, Tamil Nadu, India.

2Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Palar Agricultural College, Vellore-635 805, Tamil Nadu, India.

3Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, SRS Institute of Agriculture and Technology, Dindigul-624 710, Tamil Nadu, India.

E-mail: porkodi.g@tnau.ac.in

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